It is densely packed with starch and contains the glucoside ranunculin. The rhizome is dark brown to black with adventitious roots and the remains of the old leaf bases. The plant has a short creeping rhizome that is relatively persistent. Meadow buttercup does not establish well from seed in dry soils.Īfter flowering, the summer leaves die and meadow buttercup passes the winter as a rosette of small leaves that appear unaffected by frost. Seedlings tend to occur in clumps or patches and there is heavy mortality at the seedling stage.
Seedling emergence is said to occur in autumn and spring but some research suggests that emergence is from January to April with no seedlings emerging at other times of year.
Seed numbers per plant normally range from 200 to 1,000 but a large plant may have 22,000 seeds. The first fruits appear in mid-June and peak fruiting is in mid-August. Flowering lasts for 2 months, after which most seeds have ripened and shed. The flowers are visited by a number of pollinating insects. Meadow buttercup flowers from May to July and sometimes longer depending on the locality in the UK. Meadow buttercup can cause inflammation of the digestive system in cattle if eaten fresh but is okay when dried in hay.
Some populations have developed resistance to the herbicide MCPA.Ĭattle usually avoid the plant due to its high ranunculin content. Much of the variation is due to differences in growing conditions but some ecotypes have developed to suit particular habitats. A white flowered form is sometimes found. It is a very variable species with several sub-species and varieties but only ssp. It is not tolerant of trampling but can survive frequent cutting. It prefers intermediate conditions of moisture and drainage and is found on the slope of the ridges on ridge and furrow grassland. Meadow buttercup is a serious weed of old permanent grassland and its abundance is considered an index of the age of the pasture. It is characteristically found on grazed and mown grassland. It is not markedly a calcicole or calcifuge being abundant on both alkaline alluvial meadows, base rich clays and on the acid peat of mountain uplands. It is recorded up to 4,000 ft in Britain. Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Meadow buttercup is an erect perennial, native in grassland especially on damp and calcareous soils.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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